Why Some Tattoo Pigments Behave Strangely Under Laser Light

A few days after an initial session, a client contacted us to cancel their follow-up appointment. Their tattoo appeared to be gone. Four weeks later, they got back in touch to say it had returned.

The original tattoo was a deep orange. When it reappeared, it had come back as a pale yellow.

This kind of reaction is not unusual with semi-permanent cosmetic inks, particularly during cosmetic eyebrow removal. What made this case different was that it was a permanent, regular tattoo.

Rather than leaning on technical jargon, we explained it in simple terms. Orange ink is a blend of red and yellow pigments. Tattoo ink composition varies hugely, with thousands of formulations in use worldwide.

When a laser is applied, red pigment is often broken down more easily because the laser can effectively target it. Yellow pigment is far more resistant, especially when using a 755nm wavelength.

We often refer to this wavelength as our “midnight colour” setting, as it performs best on blacks, greys and blues. For yellows, oranges, reds and greens, we use a 532nm wavelength, which we refer to as the “sunset colour” setting.

At the follow-up treatment, we reassessed the tattoo using the 755nm wavelength. As expected, there was very little reaction. Switching to the 532nm wavelength produced a clinical response, even though it did not create dramatic frosting. A further review ten weeks later showed a noticeable reduction in the remaining yellow pigment.

What is normal during tattoo removal?

No two tattoos respond in exactly the same way. There are thousands of ink formulations, millions of tattoo artists, and a wide range of skin types, commonly grouped into six categories using the Fitzpatrick skin scale.

Using a picosecond laser, ink particles are distressed by rapid bursts of energy. This pressure fractures the outer layers of the ink. Over time, these fragments are transported through the body and naturally excreted.

This is why there is a significant gap between sessions. Once the tattoo fades and the body has cleared what it can, further treatment breaks down the next layer of pigment.

If you are researching treatment options, our laser tattoo removal page explains the process in more detail, including what influences timelines and results.

The unusual reactions we sometimes see and why they happen

The case of the disappearing ink

The most visually satisfying sessions often happen early in the removal process. During treatment, the laser interacts with the skin and the upper layers of pigment, creating a white frosting across the tattoo.

This frosting typically fades within six hours. While only a small amount of surface pigment is removed at this stage, frosting is a strong indicator that the laser settings are correct and that a proper clinical endpoint has been reached.

The half-and-half fade

Different pigments respond differently to laser energy. A picosecond laser delivers light in bursts lasting a trillionth of a second. Black ink is the easiest pigment for a laser to target, as it absorbs the most energy.

Blacks, greys and darker blues tend to respond quickly. Blues and greens often linger and may require a different wavelength. This all comes down to absorption, or how effectively the laser can interact with the pigment.

Colour shifts that worry clients

Because inks are blended rather than pure, removal is rarely linear. Browns can shift red, greens can appear muddy, and unexpected tones can surface temporarily.

These colour changes are not dangerous. They are chemical and physical reactions that occur as blended pigments break apart. In most cases, these shifts are temporary and resolve with further treatment using the appropriate wavelength.

Which tattoo colours are most difficult to remove?

Red, green, blue, white and yellow pigments are generally more challenging than darker inks.

Red pigment deserves special mention. Red inks are more prone to irritation during both tattooing and removal due to their composition. Many red inks contain iron oxide, which can react unpredictably when treated with a laser.

These reactions can include swelling, puffing, surface texture changes and, in some cases, the skin appearing creased or raised. While uncommon, they are well recognised in clinical practice and are carefully managed with proper assessment and aftercare.

How FADE approaches complex tattoo removal

The majority of removals are straightforward. Around 90 to 95 percent follow a predictable pattern.

Occasionally, tattoos behave differently. Some shift colour, some resist treatment, and others fade faster than expected. These cases are where experience matters most.

Since opening in 2017, the team at Fade has seen and discussed a wide range of removal scenarios. This shared clinical experience allows us to adapt treatment plans and respond appropriately when tattoos behave unpredictably.

Every removal starts with a free consultation, where the tattoo is assessed and an individual treatment plan is discussed. Clients are given a realistic view of what to expect and encouraged to ask questions before starting treatment.

If you want to discuss your own tattoo or book a consultation, our laser tattoo removal page is the best starting point.

What this means if your tattoo is more complex

If your tattoo contains vibrant or multiple colours, the process is likely to take longer and may require more than one wavelength.

Unpredictable reactions do not mean unsafe treatment. Aside from specific considerations with certain inks, particularly red pigments, tattoo removal is a controlled and well-established process when carried out correctly.

With the right assessment, equipment and experience, even challenging tattoos can be treated safely and effectively.

Common questions we hear

Can my tattoo come back after removal?

Once tattoo pigment has been fully cleared from the skin, it cannot return.

Why did my tattoo turn orange or yellow?

This usually happens when blended inks break apart. Different wavelengths are then used to target the remaining pigment.

Is tattoo removal safe?

Yes, provided aftercare instructions are followed and treatment is carried out correctly.

Further answers can be found in our FAQs.

Strange reactions, smart solutions

No two tattoos are the same, and no two removal journeys are identical. Since 2017, we have seen a wide range of pigment reactions. The vast majority fall within normal patterns, and those that do not are managed through experience, careful assessment and appropriate laser selection.

Understanding how pigment behaves allows for smarter, safer and more effective removal.